Updated: 1 August 2025 (424 species)

Mute Swan Cygnus olor
Greylag Goose Anser anser
Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons
Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna
Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea
Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis
Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator
Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris
Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina
Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca
Common Pochard Aythya ferina
Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula
Greater Scaup Aythya marila
Garganey Spatula querquedula
Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata
Gadwall Mareca strepera
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
Northern Pintail Anas acuta
Green-winged Teal Anas crecca
Common Quail Coturnix coturnix
Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus
Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis
Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus
Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena
Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus
Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis
Asian Houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii
Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius
Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus
Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus
Pin-tailed Sandgrouse Pterocles alchata
Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus
Spotted Sandgrouse Pterocles senegallus
Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis
Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis
Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis
European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur
Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto
Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus
Rock Dove Columba livia
Stock Dove Columba oenas
Namaqua Dove Oena capensis
Demoiselle Crane Grus virgo
Common Crane Grus grus
Water Rail Rallus aquaticus
Corn Crake Crex crex
Spotted Crake Porzana porzana
Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
Eurasian Coot Fulica atra
Grey-headed Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio Poliocephalus
Striped Crake Aenigmatolimnas marginalis
White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus
Little Crake Zapornia parva
Baillon’s Crake Zapornia pusilla
Eurasian Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus
Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola
European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria
Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva
Eurasian Dotterel Eudromias morinellus
Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula
Little Ringed Plover Thinornis dubius
Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus
Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus
Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus
Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius
White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus
Caspian Plover Anarhynchus asiaticus
Tibetan Sand Plover Anarhynchus atrifrons
Greater Sand Plover Anarhynchus leschenaultii
Kentish Plover Anarhynchus alexandrinus
Little Curlew Numenius minutus
Eurasian Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata
Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa
Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus
Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola
Great Snipe Gallinago media
Pin-tailed Snipe Gallinago stenura
Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago
Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos
Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius
Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus
Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis
Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola
Common Redshank Tringa totanus
Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus
Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
Red Knot Calidris canutus
Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris
Ruff Calidris pugnax
Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea
Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii
Sanderling Calidris alba
Dunlin Calidris alpina
Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos
Little Stint Calidris minuta
Crab-plover Dromas ardeola
Cream-colored Courser Cursorius cursor
Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum
Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni
Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola
Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus
Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus
Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus
Little Tern Sternula albifrons Laridae
Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia Laridae
Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica Laridae
Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida Laridae
White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus Laridae
Black Tern Chlidonias niger Laridae
Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis Laridae
Greater Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii Laridae
Lesser Crested Tern Thalasseus bengalensis Laridae
Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea Laridae
Common Tern Sterna hirundo Laridae
White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa Laridae
Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus Laridae
Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla Laridae
Sabine’s Gull Xema sabini Laridae
Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei Laridae
Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus Laridae
Franklin’s Gull Leucophaeus pipixcan Laridae
Pallas’s Gull Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus Laridae
Mediterranean Gull Ichthyaetus melanocephalus Laridae
White-eyed Gull Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus Laridae
Common Gull Larus canus Laridae
Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans Laridae
Armenian Gull Larus armenicus Laridae
Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus Laridae
Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus
Black-throated Loon Gavia arctica
Jouanin’s Petrel Bulweria fallax
Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris
Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea
Persian Shearwater Puffinus persicus
Black Stork Ciconia nigra
White Stork Ciconia ciconia
Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel
Masked Booby Sula dactylatra
African Darter Anhinga rufa
Pygmy Cormorant Microcarbo pygmaeus
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
Socotra Cormorant Phalacrocorax nigrogularis
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia
African Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus
Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus
Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris
Little Bittern Botaurus minutus
Western Reef Heron Egretta gularis
Little Egret Egretta garzetta
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
Striated Heron Butorides striata
Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii
Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides
Great Egret Ardea alba
Western Cattle Egret Ardea ibis
Eastern Cattle Egret Ardea coromanda
Purple Heron Ardea purpurea
Grey Heron Ardea cinerea
European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus
Egyptian Nightjar Caprimulgus aegyptius
Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba
Little Swift Apus affinis
Common Swift Apus apus
Pallid Swift Apus pallidus
Western Barn Owl Tyto alba
Little Owl Athene noctua
Eurasian Scops Owl Otus scops
Pallid Scops Owl Otus brucei
Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
Long-eared Owl Asio otus
Pharaoh Eagle-Owl Bubo ascalaphus
Osprey Pandion haliaetus
Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus
Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus
European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus
Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus
Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotos
Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis
Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus
Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus
Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga
Lesser Spotted Eagle Clanga pomarina
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus
Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos
Bonelli’s Eagle Aquila fasciata
Shikra Tachyspiza badia
Levant Sparrowhawk Tachyspiza brevipes
Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus
Eurasian Goshawk Astur gentilis
Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus
Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus
Montagu’s Harrier Circus pygargus
Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus
Black Kite Milvus migrans
White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla
Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus
Common Hoopoe Upupa epops
Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis
European Roller Coracias garrulus
European Bee-eater Merops apiaster
Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus
Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis
Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla
Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni
Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus
Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus
Amur Falcon Falco amurensis
Merlin Falco columbarius
Eleonora’s Falcon Falco eleonorae
Sooty Falcon Falco concolor
Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo
Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus
Saker Falcon Falco cherrug
Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri
Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus
Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus
Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Dicruridae Drongos
Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor
Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus
Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor
Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator
Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus
Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus
Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio
Red-tailed Shrike Lanius phoenicuroides
Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach
Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus
Rook Corvus frugilegus
Brown-necked Raven Corvus ruficollis
Carrion Crow Corvus corone cornix
House Crow Corvus splendens
Eurasian Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus
Great Tit Parus major
Sombre Tit Poecile lugubris
Greater Hoopoe-Lark Alaemon alaudipes
Thick-billed Lark Ramphocoris clotbey
Bar-tailed Lark Ammomanes cinctura
Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti
Black-crowned Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix nigriceps
Woodlark Lullula arborea
Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula
Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis
Crested Lark Galerida cristata
Temminck’s Lark Eremophila bilopha
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla
Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata
Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra
Arabian Lark Eremalauda eremodites
Turkestan Short-toed Lark Alaudala heinei
Delicate Prinia Prinia lepida
Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis
Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina
Upcher’s Warbler Hippolais languida
Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum
Thick-billed Warbler Arundinax aedon
Booted Warbler Iduna caligata
Sykes’s Warbler Iduna rama
Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Iduna pallida
Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon
Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola
Blyth’s Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum
Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris
Common Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus
Basra Reed Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis
Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus
Clamorous Reed Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus
River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis
Savi’s Warbler Locustella luscinioides
Common Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia
Sand Martin Riparia riparia
Pale Martin Riparia diluta
Grey-throated Martin Riparia chinensis
Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris
Pale Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne obsoleta
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
Western House Martin Delichon urbicum
Lesser Striped Swallow Cecropis abyssinica
European Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis rufula
Eastern Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica
Streak-throated Swallow Petrochelidon fluvicola
Cetti’s Warbler Cettia cetti
Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix
Eastern Bonelli’s Warbler Phylloscopus orientalis
Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus
Hume’s Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus humei
Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus
Plain Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus neglectus
Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus
Mountain Chiffchaff Phylloscopus sindianus
Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita
Green Warbler Phylloscopus nitidus
Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer
White-eared Bulbul Pycnonotus leucotis
Garden Warbler Sylvia borin
Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla
Barred Warbler Curruca nisoria
Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca
Eastern Orphean Warbler Curruca crassirostris
Asian Desert Warbler Curruca nana
Menetries’s Warbler Curruca mystacea
Common Whitethroat Curruca communis
Afghan Babbler Argya huttoni
Grey Hypocolius Hypocolius ampelinus
Goldcrest Regulus regulus
Eurasian Wren Troglodytes troglodytes
Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris
Rosy Starling Pastor roseus
Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus
Common Myna Acridotheres tristis
Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies)
Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus
Song Thrush Turdus philomelos
Redwing Turdus iliacus
Common Blackbird Turdus merula
Fieldfare Turdus pilaris
Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus
Black-throated Thrush Turdus atrogularis
Dusky Thrush Turdus eunomus
Black Scrub Robin Cercotrichas podobe
Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes
Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata
European Robin Erithacus rubecula
White-throated Robin Irania gutturalis
Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia
Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos
Bluethroat Luscinia svecica
Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva
Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla
Semicollared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata
Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis
European Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca
Eversmann’s Redstart Phoenicurus erythronotus
Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros
Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Common Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis
Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius
Whinchat Saxicola rubetra
Pied Bush chat Saxicola caprata
Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus
European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola
Hooded Wheatear Oenanthe monacha
Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti
Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka
Eastern Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe melanoleuca
Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe
Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina
Variable Wheatear Oenanthe picata
Hume’s Wheatear Oenanthe albonigra
Finsch’s Wheatear Oenanthe finschii
Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens
Kurdish Wheatear Oenanthe xanthoprymna
Red-tailed Wheatear Oenanthe chrysopygia
White-crowned Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga
Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus
Rüppell’s Weaver Ploceus galbula
Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica
Black-throated Accentor Prunella atrogularis
Radde’s Accentor Prunella ocularis
Dunnock Prunella modularis
Pale Rockfinch Carpospiza brachydactyla
Yellow-throated Sparrow Gymnoris xanthocollis
Dead Sea Sparrow Passer moabiticus
Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis
House Sparrow Passer domesticus
Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus
Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea
Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava
Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola
Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis
White Wagtail Motacilla alba
Blyth’s Pipit Anthus godlewskii
Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris
Richard’s Pipit Anthus richardi
Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis
Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni
Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus
Siberian Pipit Anthus japonicus
Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis
Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta
Brambling Fringilla montifringilla
Eurasian Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs
Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus
Mongolian Finch Bucanetes mongolicus
Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githagineus
Desert Finch Rhodospiza obsoleta
European Greenfinch Chloris chloris
Common Linnet Linaria cannabina
European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis
Red-fronted Serin Serinus pusillus
Eurasian Siskin Spinus spinus
Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata
Common Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus
Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla
Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica
Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala
Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps
Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra
Rock Bunting Emberiza cia
Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani
Cinereous Bunting Emberiza cineracea
Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana
Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella